STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS

FEATURES OF LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES
1. Communicative Competence As The Main Goal
Communicative competence is the ability to communicate. Development of communicative competence requires realistic interaction among learners using meaningful, contextualized language. Learning strategies helps the learners participate actively in such authentic communication.

2. Greater Self-Direction For Learners
Language learning strategies encourage greater overall self-direction for learners. Self-direction is particularly important for language learners, because they not always have the teacher around to guide them as they use the language outside the classroom.

3. New Roles For Teacher
Teacher traditionally expects to be authority figures, identified with the roles like parent, instructor, judge, leader, evaluator, and even doctor. The students will feel that they have been forced by the teacher than they feel afraid. Nowadays the role of teacher is they can be more friendly with the students and help them to be more independent.

4. Other Features
a. Problem orientation
Language learning strategies are tools to solve the problem.

b. Action basis
Language learning strategies are specific action or behavior accomplished by students to enhance their learning.

c. Involvement beyond just cognition
Language learning strategies are not restricted to cognitive functions but also include metacognitive functions.

d. Direct and indirect support learning
Direct and indirect strategies are equally important and serve each other in many ways.

e. Level of consciousness
Many modern uses of learning strategies reflect conscious effort by learners to take control of their learning, and some research seem to suggest that leaning strategies are always conscious actions.

f. Teachability
The ability to observe something so the learning can be well.

g. Flexibility
The ability to be flexible and not monotone.

h. Factors influencing strategy choice
- Degree of awareness
- Stage of learning
- Task requirement
- Teacher expectation
- Age
- Sex
- Nationality
- General learning style
- Personality trails
- Motivation levels
- Porpose for learning the language




A NEW FEATURES OF LANGUAGE LEANING STRATEGIES
A. DIRECT STRATEGIES
Direct strategies is the strategies make the direct connection into the learning process.

1. Memory Strategies
Memory strategies are the strategies for remembering and retrieving new information.
The steps: • Creating mental linkages
• Applying images and sounds
• Seviewing well
• Employing action


2. Cognitive Strategies
Cognitive strategies are the strategies for understanding and producing the language.
The steps: • Practicing
• Receiving and sending messages
• Analyzing and reasoning
• Creating structure for input and output

3. Compensation Strategies
Compensation strategies are the strategies for using the language despite knowledge gaps.
The steps: • Guessing intelligently
• Overcoming limitations in speaking and writing




B. INDIRECT STRATEGIES
Indirect strategies are the strategies support the learning process indirectly.

1. Metacognitive Strategies
Metacognitive strategies are the strategies for coordinating the learning process.
The steps: • Centering your leaning
• Paying attention
• Delaying speech production to fucous on listening

2. Affective Strategies
Affective strategies are the strategies for regulating emotions.
The steps: • Using progressive relaxation, deep breathing, or mediation
• Using music
• Using laughter

3. Social Strategies
Social strategies are the strategies for learning with others.
The steps: • Asking questions
• Cooperating with others
• Empathizing with others

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